Dr. Harmandeep Kaur Gill, Principal Consultant, Endocrinology and Diabetes, Medanta, Gurugram According to the , three main hormones are typically measured to measure thyroid health.
- Thyroxine (T4): This is the main hormone produced by the thyroid gland.
- Triiodothyronine (T3): This is the active form of the hormone that is converted from T4.
- Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH): This is made by the pituitary gland. It regulates the production of T3 and T4.
normal thyroid levels
Thyroid levels can be measured with a blood test. These levels are considered normal in both men and women, although they can vary slightly depending on age, pregnancy, and overall health (different laboratories perform the test differently, so cut-offs may vary).
1. TSH level
Adults: 0.4 to 4.0 milli-international units per liter (mIU/liter)
For people being treated for thyroid disorders, the target range may be even lower, about 0.5 to 3.0 mIU/liter.
2. Free T4 (FT4) level
Adults: 0.8 to 2.0 nanograms per deciliter (ng/dL)
3. Free T3 (FT3) level
Adults: 2.3 to 4.1 picograms per milliliter (pg/mL)
Differences in thyroid levels in men and women
The normal range for TSH, T3, and T4 is the same for both men and women, but women are more likely to have thyroid problems. This is partly due to hormonal changes during menstruation, pregnancy, and menopause.
Thyroid disorders are very common in India. It is estimated that 42 million people suffer from these disorders. The most common thyroid disorders include:
1) Hypothyroidism It occurs when the thyroid gland does not produce enough hormones. Its symptoms include fatigue, weight gain, and depression. This disorder occurs mainly in women, especially after the age of 60.
2) Hyperthyroidism In this condition, the thyroid gland produces too many hormones. Symptoms include weight loss, rapid heartbeat, and anxiety. This condition is rare, yet widespread.
3) Iodine deficiency: Iodine is essential for the production of thyroid hormones. Iodine deficiency in some areas of India, especially the Himalayas and some coastal areas, can cause goiter and other thyroid problems.
Why are regular checkups necessary?
It is very important to get your thyroid checked regularly. Regular checkups are even more important for women over the age of 35, pregnant women, and people with a family history of thyroid disorders, who are at a higher risk of developing a thyroid disorder, as early detection and treatment can prevent serious health problems from developing.
Ways to keep thyroid levels under control
Medicines- Hormone replacement for hypothyroidism or medications to reduce hormone production in hyperthyroidism.
Diet-Adequate iodine is essential for thyroid health. Iodized salt is a common and effective way to provide the body with adequate iodine.
Regular monitoring- Keep an eye on your thyroid by getting regular blood tests done so that thyroid can be kept under control.
Disclaimer: This article is for general information only. It cannot in any way be a substitute for any medicine or treatment. Always consult your doctor for more information.
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