India's response to China's 'attitude' in South China Sea, will host QUAD drill

Malabar exercise started 32 years ago

The source said Malabar will include complex surface, anti-air and anti-submarine warfare exercises as well as joint manoeuvres and advanced tactical drills to improve combat skills. There are no plans yet to invite a fifth country for the exercise. Malabar began in 1992 as a bilateral exercise between India and the US. It now includes Japan and Australia as regular participants. It was held in Sydney in August last year. Japan, in turn, will host the exercise in Yokosuka in 2022.

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China is in the sights of most countries

This year's Malabar exercise will take place soon after India hosted its first major multinational air combat exercise 'Taranga Shakti' in August-September. Apart from the Quad countries, air forces of other countries such as the UK, France, Germany, UAE and Singapore will also participate in the exercise. An aggressive China figures high on the radar screen of most countries. With the world's largest navy with 355 warships and submarines, Beijing has been building several new artificial islands as well as making expansionist territorial claims on its neighbours, especially the Philippines, in the South China Sea.

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China is expanding its presence in the Indian Ocean

Similar 'grey zones' and salami-slicing strategies of China are evident on the land borders with India as well. There is also considerable concern over China's growing presence in the Indian Ocean region. Beijing is looking for additional logistics turn-around facilities on the east coast of Africa after establishing its first overseas base in Djibouti in August 2017. China is making inroads in several countries such as Tanzania, Mozambique, Madagascar and Comoros. Of course, Beijing has full access to Pakistan's Gwadar and Karachi ports. Chinese warships have also been circulating in the Indian Ocean region for a long time as part of anti-piracy escort forces.

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India's agreement with other countries including Quad

In addition, Chinese survey and research vessels as well as satellite and missile-tracking ships are almost always present in the IOR to map oceanographic and other data useful for navigation and submarine operations. He said China is increasing its awareness of its underwater domain in the IOR to operate with greater efficiency here. India, of course, is constantly expanding its military ties bilaterally and multilaterally with the Quad and many other countries. India also has military logistics agreements with the US, Australia, France, Japan, South Korea and Singapore. These provide for mutual refuelling, repair and berthing facilities for warships and aircraft. A similar agreement with Russia is now under consideration.

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India's presence in the South China Sea

Ahead of Malabar, India's 6,000-tonne multi-purpose stealth frigate INS Shivalik is on a long-range deployment in the South China Sea and North Pacific Ocean. A P-8I long-range maritime patrol aircraft is currently participating in RIMPAC, the world's largest naval exercise, at Pearl Harbor in Hawaii. RIMPAC is taking place 9,000 nautical miles off the Indian coast, another source said. An Indian submarine, INS Vagir, also went to the west coast of Australia last year for the first time in an extended deployment. He said the Malabar talks are about strong cooperation, shared values ​​and the collective capability of the four countries to ensure a free, open and inclusive Indo-Pacific region, which China is trying to disrupt.